A STUDY OF PROGNOSTIC MARKERS AND STAGE OF PRESENTATION OF BREAST CANCER IN SOUTHERN REGION OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
Keywords:
Breast carcinoma, Tumor size, Grade, Lymph node status, StageAbstract
Objective: To study prognostic markers and stage of breast cancer and their correlation, in patients of southern
region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP).
Material and Methods: This study was done by retrospectively analyzing the data of all newly diagnosed patients of
breast cancer registered from January 2006 till December 2008 at the Institute of Radiotherapy & Nuclear Medicine,
Peshawar (IRNUM).
Results: There were 1358 new cases of primary breast cancer during the study period. The age range in these cases
was 18-90 years with the median age group being in the 5th decade. From the available record of 933 cases, only
13.8% patients had grade I, 45.4% had grade II & 40.7% had grade III disease. Tumor size was documented in 923
cases. Among them, 42.45% had a T3, 31.04% had a T2, and 3.3% had a T1 tumor. Stage of disease was documented
in 1132 cases, of whom 38.8% had stage III, 33.7% had stage II, and 24.9% had stage IV disease. Only 2.7% were in
stage I.
Conclusion: Patients with advanced stage of breast cancer have tumors of larger size and higher grade with
extensive lymph node involvement. The majority of breast cancer patients in southern region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
present with advanced disease. This translates into poor prognosis and outcome.
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