COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY AND RESISTANCE PROFILES OF UROPATHOGENS IN TWO MAJOR HEALTHCARE FACILITIES: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FROM PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.26.34.3.3Abstract
Objective: To compare the antibiotic susceptibility and resistance profiles of urinary pathogens isolated from two major tertiary care facilities in Peshawar.
Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study at the Department of Pathology, Peshawar Institute of Cardiology (PIC), and Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH), Peshawar, from January 2024 to December 2024. We processed 6005 urine samples from KTH and 1041 from PIC for bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). We used the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method for AST and interpreted zone diameters using CLSI breakpoints.
Results: Urinary culture positivity was higher in KTH-1357 samples (31%) than in PIC samples (23%). At KTH, Gram-negative rods (GNR) predominated (95%), with only 5% reported as Gram-positive cocci (GPC). At PIC, GNR were the main pathogens (60%), with a higher proportion of GPC (40%), notably enterococcus species (37%). AST testing showed 90-100% susceptibility of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas to Nitrofurantoin, Fosfomycin, Tigecycline, Meropenem, Amikacin, and Colistin. GPC demonstrated 90-100% susceptibility to Cefoxitin, Tigecycline, Linezolid, and Vancomycin.
Conclusion:
These findings underscore the importance of targeted empirical therapy guided by local resistance patterns and patient risk. In typical hospital settings like KTH, oral agents such as Nitrofurantoin and Fosfomycin remain effective for uncomplicated E. coli UTIs. However, in high-risk patients, such as those at PIC, broader initial coverage may be necessary, followed by de-escalation once culture results are available.
Key Words: Urinary Tract Infections, Antimicrobial Resistance, Uropathogens
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Copyright (c) 2026 Hayat Muhammad Khan, Amina Gul, Maria Khan, Muhammad Ihtesham Khan, Farooq Haider, Tamjeed Gul, Aliza Shahid
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