FREQUENCY OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AND ITS COMMON CLINICAL OUTCOMES AMONG PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
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Abstract
Objective: To determine frequency of atrial fibrillation and its common clinical outcomes among patients presenting
with acute coronary syndrome.
Material and Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Cardiac Coronary Unit Department
of Cardiology at District Headquarter Hospital, Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan from June 2014 to April 2015. Patients
who were admitted with Acute Coronary Syndrom (USA, NSTEMI and STEMI) were included ,while patients with
severe comorbid condition like malignancies, renal failure, COPD, or decompensated liver cirrhosis diagnosed on
history and clinical record were excluded. These patients were closely monitored and any episode of AF was noted.
Those patients who developed AF were closely monitored for common clinical outcomes in the form of thromboembolic
phenomenon, Ventricular Tachycardia, Ventricular Fibrillation, and death during hospital stay. The collected data was
stored and analyzed in SPSS version 10.0 for windows. Mean±SD was calculated for numerical variables like age.
Frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables like gender, AF, VT, VF, stroke, type of ACS ,
and death. AF and its commo clinical outcomes were stratified among age, gender, and acute coronary syndrome to
see the effect modifications.
Results: Out of 482 patients with acute coronary syndrome, males were 274 (57%) while females were 208 (43%). The
mean age of the patients was 60.47±9.79 years. 348 (72%) patients had STEMI, while 67 (14%) patients had NSTEMI
and 67(14%) had USA. Atrial fibrillation was found in 44 (9.1%) patients out of which, 22.7% had VF, followed by VT in
18.2% patients, while 18.2% patients died, and 13.6% patients sustained stroke.
Conclusion: Atrial Fibrillation complicating acute coronary syndrome is common in our population. Such patients should
be identified and closely monitored as they have got higher rate of complications and mortality during hospital course.
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