ETIOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF PANCYTOPENIA IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS
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Abstract
Objective: To determine the etiological pattern of pancytopenia in pediatric age group patients presenting to a tertiary
care hospital at Peshawar
Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted from January 2016 to December 2017. During this twoyear
duration, 100 pediatric patients with clinical diagnosis of pancytopenia were enrolled in the study fulfilling the
inclusion and exclusion criteria. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used. A detailed clinical evaluation
was done in all diagnosed cases of pancytopenia. Hematological profile included hemoglobin, red cell indices, total
and differential leukocyte counts, platelet count, peripheral blood smear, bone marrow aspirate and trephine biopsy
were carried out.
Results: In this study 66% were male and 34% were female with male to female ratio of 1.94: 1. The mean age of patients
enrolled was 07.173 years+3.7702 SD where 35% of all cases were in the age range of 01-05 years.Mean hemoglobin
level was 6.631gm%+ 2.0273 mean total leucocyte count was 2910.21 (SD + 1399.452)X 103/?l, and platelet count
was 57750.00 (SD + 40776.646) X103/?l. Majority of the patients (51%) had acute lymphoblastic leukemia, followed
by aplastic aneamia(20%) and hypoplasia (12%).
Conclusion: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the commonest cause of pancytopenia followed by aplastic aneamia
and bone marrow hypoplasia as per this study findings.
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