EFFECT OF SMOKING ON HOMOCYSTEINE, VITAMIN B12 AND FOLIC ACID LEVLES IN THE PATIENTS OF ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
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Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate levels of serum homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folic acid in the smoker and non smokers of
acute myocardial infarction.
Material and Method: A case control study of 200 patients of acute myocardial infarction between the age of 20-60
years and an equal number of age and sex matched controls were carried out during January 2007 to December
2008. Serum homocysteine levels were determined on Abbott Immunoassay Analyzer (IMX) and determination of B
vitamins was done on HPLC.
Results: Mean age of the smoker patients of acute myocardial infarction was 41.72 ± 2.43 years, while that of never
smoker patients was 50.56 ± 3.28 years. In both cases and controls current smokers had higher homocysteine levels
but patients showed intermediate hyperhomocysteinemia (31.83 ± 1.09 and 15.94 ± 2.65 ? mol/L) respectively in the
patients and controls. Never smoker patients had lower homocysteine levels as compared to smokers and showed
moderate hyperhomocysteinemia (19.62 ± 2.14 ? mol/L). Never smoker controls showed normal homocysteine
levels. Current smokers had lower levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid (103.43 ± 1.39 pg / mL and 3.48 ± 2.31 ng/mL
respectively) as compared to smoker controls and the patients who never smoked.
Conclusion: Smokers tend to have high homocysteine concentrations and low levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid,
which may result in sudden cardiovascular events.
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