PRESENTATION AND PREVENTION OF DENGUE FEVER
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Abstract
Objective: To know the presentation and prevention of Dengue Fever.
Material and Methods: Patients suspected to be suffering from Dengue Virus infection were admitted at Mardan Medical Complex (MMC), Mardan. Patients were admitted in concordance with the hospital’s admission policy and treated in an isolation room specified for Dengue cases. All the patients were treated with rigorous preventive measures including antipyretics and fluid requirements, education, properly covering water containers, use of disinfectants and mosquito repellants and maintenance of toilet hygiene. Detailed clinical history was taken from all the patients including the areas visited and the signs and symptoms. Ten cc of the blood was taken and analyzed for peripheral blood smear, Liver function tests, coagulation and renal profile. Another 5 cc of blood was sent to analyze for the Dengue serology using antibody detection against anti-NS1 antibodies.
Results: In total, 326 patients were reported during September to October 2013 at MMC, Mardan. Only 21 patients had actually visited areas including endemic zones outside Mardan prior to becoming symptomatic. Eighteen patients had visited swat during an outbreak, one patient reportedly visited Chitral, one paid a visit to Lahore and one resident of Swabi had visited Islamabad. The case fatality rate was zero for all the cases. Only fourteen of the in-patients needed transfusion with platelet concentrates, FFPs and/or packed cells based upon reports of their clinical and hematological perimeters. Twenty patients left against medical advice but had a satisfactory follow-up on subsequent out-patient visit. No death was reported among all the patients.
Conclusion: The primary objective of the attending physician should be to provide necessary symptomatic support and guidance with a keen observation of the patient’s biochemical and clinical perimeters. However, primary preventive measures are the most important aspect of dealing with
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