SEASONAL VARIATIONS IN STROKE: A STUDY IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
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Abstract
Objective: To determine variations in incidence of stroke and its subtypes during summer and winter seasons and to
determine the risk factors associated with it.
Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital
Peshawar, Pakistan, from January 2015 to December 2016. Patients whose findings were consistent with stroke were
included in the study on the basis of history, clinical examination and radiological evidence.
Results: Out of total 210 patients, 117 (55.71%) cases accounted for ischemic stroke and 93 (44.28%) cases accounted
for hemorrhagic stroke. Stroke incidence was more prevalent in male than female (60.5% vs 39.5%). In summer season
more patients presented with ischemic stroke than hemorrhagic stroke (58.1% vs 31.2%), while in winter season more
patients presented with hemorrhagic stroke than ischemic stroke (68.8% vs 41.9%) and the seasonal variation was
found to be strongly statistically significant (p value <0.001). Hypertension (42.4%) was found to be major risk factor
for stroke followed by diabetes (34.3%).
Conclusion: Seasonal variation was found among patients presented with stroke. Stroke was more common in winter
season. Hemorrhagic stroke was more than ischemic stroke in winter season and vice versa. Hypertension was the
major risk factor among patients.
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