CONJUNCTIVAL COMPLICATIONS AND INFECTION RISKS IN SMALL INCISION MANUAL CATARACT SURGERY (SIMICS) VERSUS PHACOEMULSIFICATION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52764/jms.25.33.4.8Keywords:
Keywords: Cataract surgery, Conjunctival chemosis, Conjunctival hyperemia, Endophthalmitis, Infection, Phacoemulsification, Postoperative complications, SIMICS, Surgical outcomes.Abstract
Objective: This study aims to compare the conjunctival complications and postoperative infections between Small Incision Manual Cataract Surgery (SIMICS) and phacoemulsification.
Materials & Methods: This comparative observational study was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, MTI-Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, from June 2024 to December 2024. A total of 462 patients undergoing cataract surgery were enrolled, with 231 patients in each group (SIMICS and phacoemulsification), selected through non-probability consecutive sampling. Postoperative assessments for conjunctival chemosis, hyperemia, and infections were performed at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months using slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression were applied; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Conjunctival chemosis was more common in the SIMICS group (27.7%) than in the phacoemulsification group (10.0%) (p < 0.001). Conjunctival hyperemia was observed in 39.0% of SIMICS patients, compared to 17.7% in the phacoemulsification group (p < 0.001). Postoperative infection rates were also significantly higher in SIMICS (13.0%) versus phacoemulsification (6.5%) (p = 0.019). Logistic regression analysis confirmed that surgical technique independently predicted infection (p = 0.028), while age, gender, and chemosis were not statistically significant.
Conclusion: SIMICS is linked to a higher rate of conjunctival chemosis, hyperemia, and postoperative infections compared to phacoemulsification. These findings highlight the need to improve surgical techniques and postoperative care, especially in low-resource settings where SIMICS is common.
Keywords: Cataract surgery, Conjunctival chemosis, Conjunctival hyperemia, Endophthalmitis, Phacoemulsification, Small Incision Manual Cataract Surgery
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