FREQUENCY OF HYPERTENSION, DIABETES MELLITUS, AND CIGARETTE SMOKING IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH STELEVATION ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
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Abstract
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death through out the world. Amongst the nine most common risk factors of Acute MI, cigarette smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus & dyslipidemia are the major risk factors. The objectives of our study are to determine the frequency of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cigarette smoking in patients presenting with ST elevation acute MI.
Material and methods: A descriptive cross sectional study, was carried out in department of Medicine and Cardiology, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar, from June till December 2019, after proper approval from IRAB, keeping 95% confidence interval and 6% margin of error under WHO sample size calculator. The data so recorded, was analyzed in SPSS version 23. Mean ± Standard deviation was calculated for continuous variables like age. The modifiable risk factors (diabetic mellitus, hypertension and smoking), were stratified among age and gender to see the effect modifications. Post stratification Chi-square test was applied in which p-value ?0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Out of 243 patients, 57% were males and the rest 43% were females. The mean age of patients was 64 years with SD ±10.69. Hypertension was recorded in 69%, cigarette smoking in 43% and diabetic mellitus in 37% patients presenting with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction.
Conclussion: The frequency of modifiable risk factors i.e. hypertension (69%), smoking (43%) and diabetic mellitus (37%), was quite significant, in patients presenting with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction.
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