A A COMPARISON OF FETAL AND MATERNAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS HAVING ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION VERSUS PREGNANCY-INDUCED HYPERTENSION
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Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) has more serious consequences as compared to essential hypertension on fetal and maternal outcomes or vice versa.
Material and Methods: This study was carried out at the department of Gynecology and Medicine in KRL hospital Islamabad from September 2021 to February 2022. The patient detailed profile was recorded during antenatal follow-up and admissions. Prior approval was taken from the ethical committee. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23. Descriptive statistics were performed and results were interpreted in frequencies and percentages.
Results. PIH was more common (n=41, 82 %) as compared to essential hypertension (n=9, 18%). The total number of participants was 50. Age ranged from 21-40 years with a mean of 28.24 in the PIH group and 32.8 in the EH group. PIH was relatively more common in Primigravida (n=23,56.1%) while essential hypertension was common in multigravida (n=6, 66.7%). Maternal complications including preeclampsia, and preterm delivery were fairly more common in PIH (70.7%) as compared to essential hypertension. Fetal complications in the PIH group were, mainly prematurity (51.2%) and IUGR (12.2%). While IUGR was the main complication in patients having essential hypertension (53.6%).
Conclusion: Maternal complication mainly preeclampsia was fairly common (in the PIH group while it was nil in the EH group. The fetal complication in terms of prematurity was about five times more common in the PIH group as compared to the EH group conversely IUGR was common in the EH group as compared to the PIH group.
Keywords: Essential hypertension, PIH, Pre-eclampsia, Eclampsia, IUGR.
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